1. The importance of special alloys and their forgings
Special alloys such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys, stainless steel and high-temperature alloys and their forgings are mainly used to manufacture key and important parts of modern weapons and equipment. Special alloys and their forgings are widely used in aviation and aerospace industries and other defense industries. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of special alloys and their functions, special alloys and their forgings are used in the chemical industry, power industry, machinery manufacturing industry and There are more and more applications in bioengineering, and the role is getting bigger and bigger.
All kinds of weapons and equipment (especially aviation and aerospace) rotating parts such as engine turbine discs, compressor discs and blades, aircraft beams, bulkheads, joints and landing gears and other main bearing parts, as well as high temperature resistance and high temperature resistance of chemical industry and power equipment The corrosion-resistant parts are all made of special alloy forgings. The performance level and quality of these parts or forgings to a considerable extent determine the highest performance level that can be achieved by newly developed weapons and equipment and their power equipment, as well as the performance level, attendance rate and lifespan of active weapons and equipment. For example, the performance level and development cycle of a new type of aero-engine depends to a large extent on the performance level and development cycle that can be achieved by high-alloy hard-to-deform superalloy turbine disk forgings; another example is that the power and efficiency of modern power equipment are quite large. The extent depends on the performance level, attendance rate and life span of the titanium alloy final blade forgings.
With the modernization of the industry, the application range of special alloys and their forgings has become wider and wider, and the output of their materials and forgings has increased day by day. Now, special alloy forging technology and its development have gradually become one of the pillars and main development directions of the forging industry. In order to promote the development of the national economy and national defense industry, improving and popularizing the production technology of special alloy forgings has become one of the focuses of plastic processing workers.
2. Application in the national defense industry
The main parts and components of various aircraft such as airplanes are mostly made of special alloys, and many key and important parts of other weapons and equipment are also made of special alloys, most of which are forgings.
The amount of aluminum alloy used in the second and third generation fighters is 80% and 60%-65%, respectively. 80% of the structural mass of civil aviation passenger aircraft and transport aircraft is aluminum alloy. Even the most advanced B-777 aircraft, aluminum alloy is still used. It accounts for 70% of the structural weight. Among them, deformed aluminum alloy and its forgings are mainly used to manufacture aircraft skins, stringers, bulkheads, wall panels, wing ribs, spars, tails, arms, landing gear support parts, and engine fan blades, impellers and rivets. .
The amount of titanium alloy and forgings of the fourth-generation American fighter F22 has reached 41%. It is mainly used in bulkheads, main spars, rear beams, horizontal tail shafts and other parts. Among them, the most used on the fuselage accounts for the structural mass of the rear fuselage. 55%; The projected area of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy die forgings of the fuselage frame of the aircraft reaches 5.53m2, and the rear fuselage engine cabin frame Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy die
The projected area of the forging reaches 5.16m2, which is by far the two largest die forgings in the world.
High-temperature alloys and titanium alloys account for 55% to 65% and 25% to 40% of the total mass of advanced aero-engines respectively. The main and most important of these are forgings. High-temperature alloys are mainly used for turbine discs, compressor discs, blades and casings of aviation and aerospace engines, as well as flame tubes, casings, shafts, nozzles, heat shields, bearing rings and Fasteners and other hot-end parts; modern aeroengine turbine discs and compressor discs are all made of high-temperature alloy and titanium alloy forgings; each modern aeroengine has about 3000 blades, of which about 90% are made of titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy. Made of forgings.